Orofacial Manifestations of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) and Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP): Implications for Dental Care and Guidelines for Management

Authors

Alec Donelian, Dental Student, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, NYFollow
Yuedi Yu, Dental Student, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, NYFollow
Ezzard Rolle DDS, Assistant Professor, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, Section of Cariology and Restorative Sciences, Division of Operative Dentistry, New York, NYFollow
Alison Newgard DDS, Assistant Professor, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, Section of Cariology and Restorative Sciences, Division of Operative Dentistry, New York, NYFollow

Keywords

HAART, PrEP, HIV, Orofacial symptoms, STI

Abstract

HAART and PrEP have demonstrated reduction of HIV-related mortality and HIV infection, respectively. A range of orofacial side effects has been associated with both HAART and PrEP. As PrEP usage has increased, there has also been an increase in sexually transmitted infections that have orofacial symptoms. As oral health-care providers, it is important that we recognize these orofacial side effects and symptoms. Further, we offer clinical recommendations for dental professionals treating patients who are on either HAART or PrEP and their associated risk factors.

Recommended Citation

Donelian, Alec; Yu, Yuedi; Rolle, Ezzard DDS; and Newgard, Alison DDS (2025) "Orofacial Manifestations of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) and Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP): Implications for Dental Care and Guidelines for Management," The New York State Dental Journal: Vol. 91: No. 4, Article 7.
Available at: https://commons.ada.org/nysdj/vol91/iss4/7